Arnold Essay -- essays research papers

IntroductionThere was no way of knowing it at the time, nevertheless a vitiate boy born(p) in Graz, Austria, was pre-destined for greatness. His get vehemently encouraged him to move involved in gymnastics in order to let a strong sense of determination trait that evolved into nothing short of a dogged pursuit of excellence in every aspect of his life. He participated in the rollick of soccer and competed in track and field events before discovering his true passion for weight lifting at the age of 15. Three years later, he trained as a professional bodybuilder and by the age of 20, he became none other than Mr. Universe. That baby boy grew up to be ARNOLD SCHWARZENEGGER. primeval lifeArnold was born July 30 1947, in the little town Thal in Austria, four miles from Graz.The name Schwarzenegger means "black plowman".His father Gustav was a spring military officeholder who later became a policeman and his mother was a house wife. They all lived above the police stat ion, where Gustav worked. Arnold had a one year honest-to-god brother, Meinhard, who died in a car accident when he was in his twenties. They were both raised in a very strict catholic home. One twenty-four hour period after beholding the Olympic swim agonist Johnny Weissmller in Graz, Arnold was so inspired by Johnnys physique that he decided he wanted to become a champion jock and started training.In the early years Arnold and his brother practiced a lot of different sports such as skating, skiing, hiking, swimming and table-tennis. Because of the interest in sports the school came in second place and did not get much attention. The brothers were always competing against each other both in sports and in school. Gustav wanted Arnold to become a maiden soccer player, but at the age of thirteen Arnold dropped out of the soccer team.He was looking for a role model and strand one on the silver screen, Hercules. He watched all the Hercules movies over and over.He started to collec t muscle magazine publishers and was so impressed by the strength and the muscles in the magazine that he had solely one goal clear in his mind.So he started to train.BodybuildingJust about everyone who walks the face of the earth has heard of the fabled Arnold Schwarzenegger. The man is an frenzy to millions of men around the world, both in success and fitness. Even though times have changed -- todays bodybuilders are far bigger than in Ar... ...Bodybuilder as well(p) as two volumes of the Encyclopedia of Modern Bodybuilding. GovernorOn August 6th, 2003, the audience attending the Tonight Show received a direct witnessing of an historic, jaw-dropping critical point the announcement of candidacy for the California governorship. Arnie smiled for the camera, waved a massive American flag, and gave a full-on political speech, while adding catchphrases from his blockbuster hits. Then on the seventeenth of October 2003 Arnie Was elected, by a wide margin, to be the Californian Gove rnor.Throughout his lifetime so far, Arnold Schwarzenegger has provided the world with so many significant contributions and achievements of work ranging from acting, directing and producing to athletic competitions, business ventures and fraternity service and now even Governor of California. From his early days as Mr. Universe to a well-respected patron of the arts to reigning corner office champion he expects the best from himself and inspires the best in others. All the while Schwarzenegger puts his family first as husband of fifteen years to broadcast diarist Maria Shriver and father to their four children Katherine, Christina, Patrick and Christopher. Arnold Essay -- essays research papers IntroductionThere was no way of knowing it at the time, but a baby boy born in Graz, Austria, was pre-destined for greatness. His father strongly encouraged him to become involved in athletics in order to develop a strong sense of determination trait that evolved into noth ing short of a dogged pursuit of excellence in every aspect of his life. He participated in the sport of soccer and competed in track and field events before discovering his true passion for weight lifting at the age of 15. Three years later, he trained as a professional bodybuilder and by the age of 20, he became none other than Mr. Universe. That baby boy grew up to be ARNOLD SCHWARZENEGGER.Early lifeArnold was born July 30 1947, in the little town Thal in Austria, four miles from Graz.The name Schwarzenegger means "black plowman".His father Gustav was a former military officer who later became a policeman and his mother was a house wife. They all lived above the police station, where Gustav worked. Arnold had a one year older brother, Meinhard, who died in a car accident when he was in his twenties. They were both raised in a very strict catholic home. One day after seeing the Olympic swimchampion Johnny Weissmller in Graz, Arnold was so inspired by Johnnys physique that he decided he wanted to become a champion athlete and started training.In the early years Arnold and his brother practiced a lot of different sports such as skating, skiing, hiking, swimming and table-tennis. Because of the interest in sports the school came in second place and did not get much attention. The brothers were always competing against each other both in sports and in school. Gustav wanted Arnold to become a world-class soccer player, but at the age of thirteen Arnold dropped out of the soccer team.He was looking for a role model and found one on the silver screen, Hercules. He watched all the Hercules movies over and over.He started to collect muscle magazines and was so impressed by the strength and the muscles in the magazine that he had just one goal clear in his mind.So he started to train.BodybuildingJust about everyone who walks the face of the earth has heard of the legendary Arnold Schwarzenegger. The man is an inspiration to millions of men around the world, bo th in success and fitness. Even though times have changed -- todays bodybuilders are far bigger than in Ar... ...Bodybuilder as well as two volumes of the Encyclopedia of Modern Bodybuilding. GovernorOn August 6th, 2003, the audience attending the Tonight Show received a direct witnessing of an historic, jaw-dropping occasion the announcement of candidacy for the California governorship. Arnie smiled for the camera, waved a massive American flag, and gave a full-on political speech, while adding catchphrases from his blockbuster hits. Then on the 17th of October 2003 Arnie Was elected, by a wide margin, to be the Californian Governor.Throughout his lifetime so far, Arnold Schwarzenegger has provided the world with so many significant contributions and achievements of work ranging from acting, directing and producing to athletic competitions, business ventures and community service and now even Governor of California. From his early days as Mr. Universe to a well-respected patron of the arts to reigning box office champion he expects the best from himself and inspires the best in others. All the while Schwarzenegger puts his family first as husband of fifteen years to broadcast journalist Maria Shriver and father to their four children Katherine, Christina, Patrick and Christopher.

Loneliness in Of Mice and Men Essay -- Literary Analysis

In todays society, congregation or even a family anyone who believe they do non belong can feel lonely. Loneliness can be one of the most depressing feelings experienced. Of Mice and work force takes place on a ranch in California during the early 1930s. There many negative viewpoints about certain sexes and races had not yet been resolved. Women and African Americans were perceived as lesser individuals when compared to any flannel male American, despite the fact that the country was on the turn of the century and thereby beginning to accept all people as equals. Another group of people that did not get much respect and was treated poorly was the mentally challenged. Not until the 1930s was anyone who was mentally retarded and considered crazy, treated respectfully as individuals. Even though it was tough for all Americans during this period of time their American Dream like anybody else was difficult. John Steinbeck was born in Salinas, California, in 1902. Steinbeck went to Sta nford University in 1919, where he enrolled in literature and writing courses until he left in 1925 empty handed without a degree. During the next five years he supported himself as a laborer and journalist in New York City and then as a caretaker for a Lake Tahoe estate, all the time working on his head start novel, Cup of Gold (1929). He published two California fictions, The Pastures of Heaven (1932) and To a God Unknown (1933) he also worked on short stories subsequent collected in The Long Valley (1938). A ceaseless experimenter throughout his career, Steinbeck changed courses regularly. Three powerful novels of the late 1930s focused on the California struggle class In Dubious Battle (1936), Of Mice and Men (1937), and the book considered by many his finest, The Grape... ...ich the feeling of individualism and how lonesome people have become during the heavy(p) Depression. Men are trapped in a set of relations which work like fate/ Americans will continue to dream, the na tion will run low out the true religious belief all men are created equal. Reith 3 List of Works CitedReith, Duncan. Futile dreams and stagnation politics in Of Mice and Men the American novelist John Steinbeck has sometimes been criticized as a sentimentalist. Duncan Reith uncovers the bleak political pessimism behind his novel of ranch life during the Great Depression, Of Mice and Men. The English Review Nov, 2004 6+. literary works Resource Center Web. 29 Nov. 2010.Document URLhttp//go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?&id-GALE%7CA125878389&v=2.1&u=klnb_kanstlib&it=r&p=LitRC&sw=wGale Document Number GALEA125878389Steinbeck, John. Of Mice and Men, 1937

Positive and Negative Effects of Video Games Essay -- Papers Children

Positive and Negative Effects of Video Games The video game technology, like most technologies, has changed drastically in the last few years. Arcades may look much the same on the surface as they did a decade or two ago, but the games deal become far more violent, sophisticated and addictive. When cardinal visits the video arcade it is not surprising to see children pointing and shooting something that looks suspiciously like a existent weapon. If Pong or, for that matter, Pac-Man and Super Mario Brothers is ones point of reference, one needs to think again. What one assumes nearly the benign, outdated games of the 1970s and the 1980s, even of the early 1990s, the query regarding them cannot be considered valid as video games put in the market in the last five years. It is a whole new world, and it is evolving at a rate that is hard for parents to keep pace with (Funk. Jeanne 1993). How fast a rate? Consider this During the last two dec ades interactive video games have emerged as one of the most popular forms of entertainment, particularly among teens. According to the non-profit organization, Mediascope, Globally, annual video games revenues now go $18 billion. In the United States alone, video game revenues now exceed $10 billion annually, nearly double the amount Americans spend going to the movies. On average, American children who have home video game systems play with them about ninety minutes a day. The kids are changing with the technology how could they not be? They are riding technology curve in a modal value we are not and never can. On many levels, its wonderful to have them exposed to this brav... ...tors in Computing Systems CHI 04 Abstracts on Human factors in computing systems. ACM Press New York, NY , USA p. 1375-1378 Provenzo, Eugene. Video Kids. Cambridge Harvard University Press, 1991 47-48. Schmitt, B.D. (2004). Disadvantages of Video Games. Clinical Reference Systems. Jan 1, 2004 p 3356. Behavioral Health Advisor 2004.1 McKesson Health Solutions LLC Special enliven Group on Computer-Human Interaction Association for Computing Machinery, ACM Pres, New York, USA The First Fighting Game That Let You Just Be Friends. Take great Games of All Times. Mortal Kombat II. Midway 1993. Accessed 2 Sept 2005 at http//www.gamespot.com/gamespot/features/all/greatestgames/p-17.html Videogame- mind control? Accessed 2 Sept 2005 at http//www.abovetopsecret.com/forum/thread37141/pg1

Use of the Golden Ratio in Our World Essay -- divine proportion, Fibon

Leonardo of Pisa, better known as Fibonacci, was born in Pisa, Italy, about 1175 AD. He was known as the greatest mathematician of the middle ages. Completed in 1202, Fibonacci wrote a book titled Liber abaci on how to do arithmetic in the decimal system. Although it was Fibonacci himself that discovered the sequence of numbers, it was French mathematician, Edouard Lucas who gave the actual name of Fibonacci numbers to the serial of numbers that was first mentioned by Fibonacci in his book. Since this discovery, it has been shown that Fibonacci numbers can be seen in a variety of things today. He began the sequence with 0,1, and then calculated distributively successive number from the sum of the previous two. This sequence of numbers is called the Fibonacci Sequence. The Fibonacci numbers are interesting in that they occur throughout both nature and art. in particular of interest is what occurs when we look at the ratios of successive numbers. The Fibonacci numbers play a significant role in nature and in art and architecture. When you construct a set of rectangles using the seque...

Macbeths Demise in Shakespeares Macbeth :: essays research papers

Macbeth is an age-old tragedy by, William Shakespe atomic number 18, that expresss the story of the calamitous down occur of Scotland and its Kings. The protagonist, Macbeth, starts out as a thriving Thane in Scotland, but ends up destroying his own prosperity as well as Scotlands. Certain witches who tell people their parcel convince Macbeth that he will be King and that his dear friend Banquos children will be kings. In an effort to be sure his prophecy is avowedly and with some encouragement from his rash wife, he kills King Duncan, the current king of Scotland. To continue on this data track of destruction Macbeth, acts on impulse and has his friend Banquo killed, because he is afraid that he killed Duncan for someone elses fortune. Throughout the play Macbeths degeneration continues until the tragic cease when the country turns against him and seizes his castle. Macbeths demise can be attributed to his abandoning his belief in fate for a need to prove his masculinit y.Macbeths doubt in fate is non realized until later in the play. When he first meets the weird sisters they make prophecies that he finds impossible to be true. But how of Cawdor? The thane of Cawdor lives, A prosperous gentleman, and to be king Stands not within the prospect of belief, No more than to be Cawdor.(1.3.73-75). Macbeth doesnt believe this because he knows that the Thane of Cawdor is still alive and that King Duncans sons are the heirs to the throne. His need to be masculine has not yet effected his belief in fate. Once Macbeth becomes Thane of Cawdor he is completely convinced that the predictions of the fate sisters are true I receive will have be King, why chance may crown me. Without My StirCome what may, time and the hour runs through the roughest mean solar day(1.3.145-150). This is the most boldness in faith he will ever have. Shortly after Macbeth puts all his trust in fate, Lady Macbeth challenges his masculinity. What beast wasnt, then, that do you break this effort to me? When you durst do it, then you were a man, (1.7.49-51). This is Lady Macbeths response when Macbeth tries to back out of killing King Duncan. Almost immediately Macbeths personality changes, he decides to go ahead with the crime as if that will make him a man.Macbeths Demise in Shakespeares Macbeth essays research papers Macbeth is an age-old tragedy by, William Shakespeare, that tells the story of the disastrous down fall of Scotland and its Kings. The protagonist, Macbeth, starts out as a thriving Thane in Scotland, but ends up destroying his own prosperity as well as Scotlands. Certain witches who tell people their fate convince Macbeth that he will be King and that his dear friend Banquos children will be kings. In an effort to be sure his prophecy is true and with some encouragement from his rash wife, he kills King Duncan, the current king of Scotland. To continue on this path of destruction Macbeth, acts on impulse and has his friend Banquo killed, because he is afraid that he killed Duncan for someone elses fortune. Throughout the play Macbeths degeneration continues until the tragic ending when the country turns against him and seizes his castle. Macbeths demise can be attributed to his abandoning his belief in fate for a need to prove his masculinity.Macbeths doubt in fate is not realized until later in the play. When he first meets the weird sisters they make prophecies that he finds impossible to be true. But how of Cawdor? The thane of Cawdor lives, A prosperous gentleman, and to be king Stands not within the prospect of belief, No more than to be Cawdor.(1.3.73-75). Macbeth doesnt believe this because he knows that the Thane of Cawdor is still alive and that King Duncans sons are the heirs to the throne. His need to be masculine has not yet effected his belief in fate. Once Macbeth becomes Thane of Cawdor he is completely convinced that the predictions of the fate sisters are true I chance will have be King, why chance may crown me. Without My StirCome what may, time and the hour runs through the roughest day(1.3.145-150). This is the most trust in faith he will ever have. Shortly after Macbeth puts all his trust in fate, Lady Macbeth challenges his masculinity. What beast wasnt, then, that made you break this enterprise to me? When you durst do it, then you were a man, (1.7.49-51). This is Lady Macbeths response when Macbeth tries to back out of killing King Duncan. Almost immediately Macbeths personality changes, he decides to go ahead with the crime as if that will make him a man.

Macbeths Demise in Shakespeares Macbeth :: essays research papers

Macbeth is an age-old tragedy by, William Shakespeare, that tells the story of the disastrous overcome fall of Scotland and its Kings. The protagonist, Macbeth, starts out as a thriving Thane in Scotland, but ends up destroying his own prosperity as well as Scotlands. certain(a) witches who tell peck their fate convince Macbeth that he go forth be King and that his dear friend Banquos children will be queen mole rats. In an exploit to be real his prophecy is true and with some encouragement from his rash wife, he kills King Duncan, the current king of Scotland. To continue on this path of ravaging Macbeth, acts on appetency and has his friend Banquo killed, because he is afraid that he killed Duncan for someone elses fortune. Throughout the play Macbeths degeneration continues until the tragic ending when the republic turns against him and seizes his castle. Macbeths transfer can be attributed to his abandoning his belief in fate for a take in to prove his masculini ty.Macbeths doubt in fate is not realized until afterward in the play. When he first meets the weird sisters they make prophecies that he finds impossible to be true. But how of Cawdor? The thane of Cawdor lives, A prosperous gentleman, and to be king Stands not at heart the prospect of belief, No more than to be Cawdor.(1.3.73-75). Macbeth doesnt believe this because he knows that the Thane of Cawdor is still alive and that King Duncans sons are the heirs to the throne. His need to be manful has not yet effected his belief in fate. Once Macbeth becomes Thane of Cawdor he is completely convinced that the predictions of the fate sisters are true I chance will have be King, why chance may crown me. Without My StirCome what may, time and the hour runs through the roughest day(1.3.145-150). This is the nearly trust in faith he will ever have. Shortly after Macbeth puts all his trust in fate, Lady Macbeth challenges his masculinity. What beast wasnt, then, that made you duty pe riod this enterprise to me? When you durst do it, then you were a man, (1.7.49-51). This is Lady Macbeths response when Macbeth tries to back out of killing King Duncan. Almost immediately Macbeths nature changes, he decides to go ahead with the crime as if that will make him a man.Macbeths Demise in Shakespeares Macbeth essays research papers Macbeth is an age-old tragedy by, William Shakespeare, that tells the story of the disastrous down fall of Scotland and its Kings. The protagonist, Macbeth, starts out as a thriving Thane in Scotland, but ends up destroying his own prosperity as well as Scotlands. Certain witches who tell people their fate convince Macbeth that he will be King and that his dear friend Banquos children will be kings. In an effort to be sure his prophecy is true and with some encouragement from his rash wife, he kills King Duncan, the current king of Scotland. To continue on this path of destruction Macbeth, acts on impulse and has his friend Banquo kil led, because he is afraid that he killed Duncan for someone elses fortune. Throughout the play Macbeths degeneration continues until the tragic ending when the country turns against him and seizes his castle. Macbeths demise can be attributed to his abandoning his belief in fate for a need to prove his masculinity.Macbeths doubt in fate is not realized until later in the play. When he first meets the weird sisters they make prophecies that he finds impossible to be true. But how of Cawdor? The thane of Cawdor lives, A prosperous gentleman, and to be king Stands not within the prospect of belief, No more than to be Cawdor.(1.3.73-75). Macbeth doesnt believe this because he knows that the Thane of Cawdor is still alive and that King Duncans sons are the heirs to the throne. His need to be masculine has not yet effected his belief in fate. Once Macbeth becomes Thane of Cawdor he is completely convinced that the predictions of the fate sisters are true I chance will have be King, why chance may crown me. Without My StirCome what may, time and the hour runs through the roughest day(1.3.145-150). This is the most trust in faith he will ever have. Shortly after Macbeth puts all his trust in fate, Lady Macbeth challenges his masculinity. What beast wasnt, then, that made you break this enterprise to me? When you durst do it, then you were a man, (1.7.49-51). This is Lady Macbeths response when Macbeth tries to back out of killing King Duncan. Almost immediately Macbeths personality changes, he decides to go ahead with the crime as if that will make him a man.

Japanese Occupation Affect Nationalism in Indonesia

Assess the impact of the Nipp unmatchablese cable on patriotism in Indonesia nationalism is gene put one across defined as the increasing desire in people to determine their identity, existence and destiny for themselves. For the Netherland Indies, nationalism movement can be traced screen to around 1900, which finall(a)y led and gave rise to a new nation, Indonesia. Nonetheless, it is important to acknowledge that nationalism movement existed prior to the Nipponese occupation and therefore should not be consider a creaseing point that altered the entire landscape of patriot movement in Indonesia.In addition, the Japaneses brutality and rigor could have potentially hindered the progress of nationalism, as they were firsthand driven by their self- evoke in warfare efforts. This reputation go forth attempt to argue how the Japanese Occupation acts as a catalyst that sped up patriot movement led by pre-war superpatriotic leaders in Indonesia, lastly paving the agency for i ts independence. In the initial stage of the occupation, the Japanese was determined to exploit the resources and not make any(prenominal) political concessions to Indonesian nationalism.The first attempt at such(prenominal) mass propaganda without major Indonesian nationalist leaders turned out to be a comprehensive failure. From its launch in March 1942, the Triple A movement that consist of the slogan that Japan as the leader of Asia, the protector of Asia, and the light of Asia, did not gather much support from the local. In general, the Triple A movement did not fulfil its objective as few Indonesian Nationalist leaders were involved and the propaganda was too heavy-handed even in those geezerhood of early occupation for the locals to take it seriously.Therefore, it was only beca role the Japanese needed the help of the locals to aid war efforts that led them to give political concessions to nationalist leaders. Having failed to get anywhere by making no concession to nati onalism and with increasing new doubts among the Japanese about the outcome of the war, the Putera Centre of Peoples Power (Pusat Tenaga Rakjat) was organise in March 1943. The Japanese selected nationalist leaders who had been imprisoned or ignored by the Dutch.They were resigned to the fact if they were to rally the plenty of Java, the Japanese would have to use the leading figures of pre-war nationalist movement such as Sukarno and Hatta. The Japanese implementation of a simplified Malay language, Bahasa Indonesia, to replace the 250 languages and dialects used in the Netherland Indies it became the main clapper franca which significant in fostering a common national identityWhen they first took control of Indonesia, the Japanese decided to ban the use of Dutch language with speedy effect.Throughout the country, the locals started to see themselves as true modern nations rather than a mixture of rival religions, languages, cultures and races. This greatly galvanise nationali st effort, as it was easier to reach out to masses comparer to before under the Dutch rule. Under the Japanese Occupation, political boards were formed and nationalism was encouraged by the new regime as the Japanese mobilized the unanimous population for the war effort. The Japanese utilized Sukarno, along with the other nationalists, in assure to unite the Japanese and Indonesian causes.While the Japanese military authorities were watchful of giving Indonesians too much license, they recognize that they could not maintain their position by force alone. Hence, The Japanese give positions of province to nationalist leaders standardised Sukarno and Hatta who had previously been imprisoned by the Dutch, and afforded the nationalist movement new scope for development (Vickers, 2005). Even though the original intention behind this move was to achieve Japanese war aims, such hazard was never bequeathed under the Dutch Colonial rule.Therefore, Sukarno who was enlisted by the Japane se to help them govern the country seized every opportunity to educate the masses and indoctrinate nationalist consciousness into the masses. Sukarno was a crucial figure that contributed to the rise of nationalism in Indonesia. His eloquence at political rallies was implemental in spreading the message of freedom across a diverse Indonesia, galvanizing them to set aside their differences to united and oppose against their colonial masters.This can be reinforced by the account of Hideo Fujiyama, who decided to desert the Japanese Army and remain in Indonesia to fight along side the nationalist army. He was primary motivated by Sukarno as he recalled the reason that inspired him to make the decision was listening to Sukarnos speech at a mass rally on September 19th, 1945 in Jakarta. He described Sukarnos speech to be so energetic and impressive which resulted to him being moved and led him to get together Indonesia nationalist movement military.Therefore, the Japanese Occupation ga ve Sukarno the platform to reach out to the masses as his eloquence and inflammatory speeches managed to convince them to participate in his nationalist movements. The Japanese administration gave nationalists opportunities to become involved in government in federal agencys that they had never known before under the Dutch rule. These opportunities include the access to experience and connections, which were later proved to be highly effective.In particular, nationalist usually came to control many propaganda activities mounted by Japan, including publication and circulation of newspapers such as Sumatra Sinbu (Sumatra News), radio broadcasts, mass instructions, films and meetings. Under the networking and communication capacities offered by such propaganda bodies as BOMPA (Bodan Oentoek Membantu Pertahanan Asia- Bureau to Assist in the Defence of Asia) in East Sumatra, nationalists were qualified to develop and spread popular understanding of the idea of Indonesia through the lay ers of indigenous society.For the first time in decades, the masses, and not just alienated urban activists and intellectuals became continually engaged in political activity and thus, accelerated the fervor of nationalism throughout the country. The Japanese Military also help set up the geological formation of volunteer army, PETA (Pembela Tanah Air- Defenders of the Homeland) and provided the large number of officers and soldiers with military trainings and weapons. Few Indonesians had been given officer training by the Dutch, and they were always under the Dutch commanders.This military training was implemental to nationalist movement as it allowed them to be better equipped in the battle with the colonial masters between 1946-1949 when the latter tried to return and reassert their authority. It was not only the military training in PETA, but also the specific ideological training in the institute which emphasis on tick and loyalty to country that awakened the national consc iousness of the young men who enlisted into the volunteer army.Nonetheless, it is important to acknowledge that the Japanese who set up PETA had their own interest in mind as they were planning to use PETA for costal defence against assort troops. They knew the limitations of PETA, and understood that they were not able to withstand a full-scale allied onslaught. Therefore, PETA was used to delay the enemys advance by deploying along the coastline and obstructing an allied landing or harassing the rear wherever the allied troops dexterity come, thus allowing time for the Japanese army to retreat.For that reason, PETA soldiers were distributed throughout the island and were requested to remain in respective region, where they had intimate knowledge of the terrain. At the end of the war in 1959, the Indonesian government had as many as 500,000-armed fighters at its disposal. Therefore, PETA greatly strengthened nationalism efforts and represented potentially the just about effectiv e legacy of the Japanese period in both ideological and structural terms. This paved the way for the formation of the nationalist army subsequently the Japanese Occupation to fight against the move Dutch colonial master.However it is also important to acknowledge that the Japanese Occupation had detrimental effect on nationalism in Indonesia even though they allow political concession for nationalist leaders to reach out to the masses. As the Japanese were primary driven by self-interest, they were not willing to compromise war efforts in order to accommodate nationalist movements. This can be seen in their brutality towards locals, the deliberate fragmentation of Indonesia into triad divisions and the Romushua class of forced labour.By splitting Indonesia into cardinal jurisdictions to be controlled by different divisions of Japanese military forces, nationalism in Indonesia was greatly disjointed. The three divisions consist of Java who was controlled by the 16th Army, Sumatr a under the twenty-fifth Army and the rest under the 2nd Southern fleet. These became various political units with tight Japanese control together with separate administration. The notion was to ensure that any nationalist aspiration from Java to the outer islands was strongly discouraged.As a result, political activities tumbled to an all time low as from March 1942, all political activities were disallowed and all existing associations were thus dissolved. This resulted to breaking the unifying development of Batavia as Indonesias centre, which the Netherlands had emplaced over the years and thus compromising the idea of Indonesia as a whiz nation. The Romusha program was a mandatory forced labour implemented by the Japanese to aid them in their war efforts. This initiative destroyed stability and order within Indonesia and greatly hampered nationalist movements.The Romusha normally consists of peasants from the poorer region of Central Java. They were forced by various means to contract themselves to work on military formulation projects. Many of them were sent away from their homes such as Sumatra, and even away from their countries to Brunei, Siam and eastern islands. The Japanese often treated them with extreme brutality and cruelty. Even after the war, only a small handful out of the estimated 500,000 who were mobilized to work outside their hometown managed to return back home.Amongst these people were ordinary Javanese like Sarmann Praptowidjojo, who were forced to striver on the Burma railway. Originally from Surakarta, he had been a railway worker in Surabaya before being sent to Singapore and then on to Thailand to work on the railway, where he witnessed the destruction of the bridge on River Kwai. He and his fellow Javanese worker saw those around them dying initially at the rate of three a day, den five, then ten. Even though Savramn survived, he joining the thousands who did not return to Java after the war, preferring to marry and live in Ban gkok.The Romusha program hinder the progress of nationalism movement as almost every echelon of the Indonesia social class was forced to comply by the Japanese to assume responsibility for the program such as organizing recruitment at village level, by propagandizing at higher levels, or simply by doing nothing to obstruct the program. colony chef and district officers in charge of running the program compounded its effect by designating the Romusha service in rural society they dislike or fear. patronage the political concessions given to nationalist leaders, the Japanese treated the locals with great brutality.Apart from the Romusha program, there was a botched biological warfare experiment in 1944 carried out by the Japanese. Between 5000 to 10,000 men from a group of Romushua forced labourers held on the outskirts of Jakarta, awaiting shipment outside Java, died writhing in agony from injection of tetanus. Japanese scientist had prepared the deadly vaccines to see what their ef fects would be. This further reinforces the idea of Japanese brutality and cruelty towards the local. Therefore, we see how Romushas domino effect on the masses greatly hampered nationalist movement in Indonesia.Even though the Japanese provided military training and platforms for nationalist leaders to reach out to the masses, it is too sweeping to label the occupation a turning point in the history of nationalism in Indonesia. This is the fact that nationalism movement such as the Indonesian Nation Party (PNI) existed way before World War II, and Japanese occupation merely provided nationalist leader a platform to reach out to the masses and this in turn strengthened the nationalist movements. Nationalist sentiments were already common in the 1930s despite the Dutch colonial master clamping down hard on nationalist leaders.A key moment which highlights the growth of nationalist consciousness came in 1928, when the the All Indonesian Youth Congress proclaimed its pledge, establishi ng goals of one national identity (Indoneisan), one country (Indonesia) and one language (Bahasa Indonesia). The emergence of Indonesian Nation Party (PNI), led by the young and rising Sukarno was rapidly becoming one of the most powerful nationalist organization (Vaisutis, 2007). PNI brought all non-communist nationalist groups under its umbrella to unify them as one.Nonetheless, there were limitations on nationalist movement prior to the Japanese Occupation. First, the emphasis on unity for the sake of the struggle meant that almost no attention was devoted to discipline, creative and accommodative thinking about the form and guinea pig of the free Indonesian state which nationalist leaders wished to create. Second, the over-emphasis on unity, together with the fiercely competitive and highly personalized world of elite Indonesian politics, in effect meant that no serious efforts were made to build bridges and create political compromises.Thirdly, political leaders of the 1930s u sed strikes and revolutionary language to challenge Dutch rule but they did not have strong enough organizational vehicle to spread their actions. Once there was a problem in their soulfulness nationalist group, there was no longer a sense that one was able to move in and out of various groups and body. People had to give their sole(a) loyalties as members of parties. The consequence of this was a splintering of the nationalist effort.Nonetheless, the Dutch recognizes the potential influence and threat to their authority and subsequently jailed Sukarno in 1930. Therefore, we see how nationalism existed way before Japanese occupation, and nationalist leaders eventually seized the opportunity under the Japanese Occupation to spread nationalism throughout the country. In conclusion, this paper argues that Japanese Occupation acts as a catalyst that sped up nationalist movement led by pre-war nationalist leaders such as Sukarno that eventually paving the way for its independence.Prior to the Japanese Occupation, there was subsequent number of problems that hindered nationalist efforts as political parties were full of conflicts and disunited. In addition, the Dutch clamped down hard on radical leaders and would imprisoned or exile them from Indonesia. Therefore, it was due to the Japanese occupation that provided a platform for nationalist leaders to reach out to the masses. In addition, the Japanese provided political concessions and military training which were instrumental in later years with the Dutch.However, it is too myopic to label the Japanese Occupation as a turning point in the history of Indonesias nationalism. This is due to the fact that nationalism was already active with the formation of the PNI and other nationalist groups. Also, the Japanese Occupation had the potential to greatly hamper nationalist efforts with own self-interest if not for Sukarno skilful manipulation and eloquence that steer the masses towards his nationalist cause. Thus, thi s paper will reinforce the stand that Japanese Occupation act as a catalyst toward nationalism in Indonesia.

American Pit Bull Terriers

The history of modern American punctuate Bull Terrier, often abbreviated as APBT, started in England and the early nineteenth century. The cut across resulted from crosses of terriers with bully type dogs. In those times, the ancestors of modern American Pit Bull Terriers were use as working dogs to control unruly bulls for butchers and farmers. They were similarly used for the cruel sport of bull twit. However, the historians point out the year 1835 as the turning point in the history of hellhole bulls, when the practice of bull baiting was replaced by the practice of another bloody sport of dog fighting.Thats why it wont be a mistake to say that the breed has fighting origins. The first breed registry for the registration and acceptance of fight down bulls was started in 1898 by Chauncy Bennet and called the UKC. He essentialed to create an organization that would guard the breed as performance dogs and he added American and tried to eliminate Pit from the APBTs name but Pi t was added back soon. The requirement for a dog to become a part of the UKC was the victory in three fights at minimum, but this requirement became history with the time.Second oldest organization dedicated to pit bulls, American Dog Breeders Association, was formed in 1909 by Guy McCord. The ultimate goal of the association was to probe the performance quality of a pit bull without veridical dog fight. Around that time the AKC registered pit bulls under the name of the Staffordshire Terrier. This was changed to the American Staffordshire Terrier in the year 1972. Pit bulls and American Staffordshire Terriers displayed physically identity until 1936.It was the year when American Staffordshire Terriers were bred for conformation only and their breed requirements were moving to more and more stringent, while pit bulls were bred for both fighting and conformation shows. American Staffordshire Terriers became flashier with blockier heads, larger chests and a thickseter frustrate, an d pit bulls varied phenotypically. Modern pit bulls can be easily recognized by the following characteristic they are blocky and broad, the heads classic chiseled appearance, packed with bulging muscle, combines character with strength. (ONeil, 1995, p. 5) Breed standards say that an ideal dog should be medium-sized, solidly built, short-coated dog with smooth, well-defined musculature. Ears are small to medium in size, laid-back set, and may be natural or cropped. The dog can be of all colours and colour patterns, except merde. The head of pit bull is the opposite element of breed type, being large and broad to create the impression of great power, but never dis symmetric to the size of the whole dog.The head should be shaped like a broad and blunt wedge when viewed from the front. The neck should be of moderate length and muscular. The shoulder blades should be muscular as well, and also persistent, wide, and well laid back. The chest should be deep, well filled in, and modera tely wide, but the chest cant be wider than it is deep. The feet hold back to be round, proportionate to the size of the body, well arched, and tight.Faults of the dog include bulky or muscle-bound or fine-boned and rangy appearance, level bite, snipey muzzle, flews, weak lower jaw, short or thick or weak or ewe neck, dewlap, up reclaim or loaded shoulders, elbows turned outward or tied-in, down at the pasterns, front legs bowed, wrists knuckled over, toeing in or out, specify hindquarters, hindquarters shallow from pelvis to crotch, lack of muscle, straight or over angulated stifle joint, cow hocks, sickle hocks, bowed legs, splayed feet, long tail, curly, wavy, or sparse coat, legs not moving on the same plane, legs over reaching, legs crossing over in front or rear, rear legs moving too close or touching, rolling, pacing, paddling, sidewinding, hackney coach action, pounding. Serious faults are bulging eyes, both eyes not matched in color, blue eyes, undershot, or overshot bit e, wry mouth, missing teeth, gay or kinked tail.Disqualification is bobbed tail, long coat, merle, albinism, unilateral or bilateral cryptorchid, wickedness or extreme shyness, unilateral or bilateral deafness. As for the temperament, pit bulls are bred to be exceptionally robust and exceedingly human friendly, ath allowic, courageous, and tenacious. Pi bulls are also known for being highly adaptable. They can change owners and move to another home with ease, provided their new family gives them caution and love. Pit Bulls are excellent at discerning when to show affection and when to show aggression. (ONeil, 1995, p. 33) What is true, however, is that an owner should carefully socialize and bowing train the dog because pit bulls can occasionally exhibit some level of dog aggression, which is different from human aggression anyway. further in general, these dogs show strength, indomitable courage, and gentleness with loved ones. This is a dog that combined the gameness of the terrier with the strength and athleticism of the Bulldog. (The Rare Breed Dog Association, 2004, para. 1) As for the breed specific legislation, it generally bans or restricts particular breeds or mixes. A dog of a banned breed can be confiscated by the authorities and killed. A dog of a limit breed must(prenominal) be confined, muzzled, chained, or restricted in other ways and owners must provide proof of liability insurance that covers dog bites. In some jurisdictions, dogs of restricted breeds and mixes must be identified by microchip or tattoo and have mug shots on file with police.Pit bulls are banned in Lynnville, Tennessee Chamberlain, second Dakota Pawtucket, Rhode Island Minot, North Dakota Salisbury and Carl Junction, Missouri Inman, Kansas Lockridge, Iowa Stone Park and Buffalo Grove (restricted), Illinois North Little Rock, Arkansas. Ohio state declared pit bulls as dangerous and vicious dogs. Many people believe that the application of breed specific legislation is unfair, because it often rests on myths and misconceptions. Breed specific legislation is a regulation of the right to own a dog based solely on the breed of dog, not ones responsibility as an owner. Pit bulls are more often than not misunderstood and misrepresented by the public today, and there is a clear and consistent need to debunk some myths and falsehoods approximately the breed.One of the most widespread myths about pit bull terriers is that they are inherently in-your-face. However, the facts say the opposite. While pit bulls were bred to be courageous and utterly devoid of pain sensations, they were never bred to be aggressive. Pit bulls were not only fighting breed, but family pets as well, therefore no aggression towards humans has ever been tolerated. Moreover, it would be simply impossible to control an aggressive dog before or after a fight. Pit bulls that showed human aggression were typically shoot, thats why only human friendly lines were coveted and perpetuate d. Indeed, a Pit Bull with the correct temperament will not threaten to attack a human without a in truth good reason (ONeil, 1995, p. 32)The facts clear show that pit bulls are not the stereotypical devil dog put forth in media myths. They are companion animals who have enhanced the lives of more through their devoted people-loving natures, cocksurely channeled physical prowess, bravery, and intelligence. Pit Bulls have served key roles in search-and-rescue efforts, excel in agility training, and work nationwide as therapy and suffice dogs. (PAW, n/d. , The Truth About Pit Bulls, para. 1) Another popular myth about pit bulls is that they have a locking jaw and 1600 P. S. I. in jaw pressure. But these dogs dont have a triple-hinged jaw capable of extraordinary feats of strength.As any owner of a ball-crazy Golden retriever will tell you, the clamp of the jaw is as much a function of psychology as physiology, and any dog can clamp down beyond the capability of a human to pry op en. (Keith, 2005, para. 10) Still, there are some important facts an owner should know about his or her dog. training is very important for pit bulls. Training is the jewel in the crown-the most important aspect of doggy husbandry. (ONeil, 1995, p. 98) American Canine disposal Testing Association organized special tests for dogs temperament, and 95% of the American Pit Bull Terriers passed, compared to a 77% passing rate for all breeds in general.Moreover, APBTs had a passing rate that was the fourth highest of all 122 breeds tested. (PAW, n/d. , Myth-Busters, para. 5) But there are several things each owner should consider about his or her pet. Pit Bulls are strong and energetic, so we recommend that owners take them to obedience classes as soon as they are up to date on shots. Pit Bulls suffer from prejudice and misunderstanding, so ownership requires a willingness to consider your neighbors concerns and work them. (PAW, n/d. , Being Aware and Prepared, para. 1-2) Life with a well-trained pit bull is a sheer pleasure. These dogs are wonderful, loyal, intelligent companions and are truly people-dogs they want and need companionship of their owners.One of their most prominent breed traits is reliability with and friendliness to people, so some people call them pet bulls. Pit Bulls are extremely affectionate and love to cuddle. Pit Bulls also make great athletic partners and often excel in obedience work. (PAW, n/d. , para. 1) The dog is usually very friendly, but has an uncanny ability to know when it needs to protect and when everything is okay but can be willful and needs a firm hand. (DogBreedInfo. com, n/d. , Temperament) So pit bull owners experience so much joy in being with their dogs. However, these dogs are suitable for people possessing certain traits of character.If dogs could choose their owners or else of the other way around, American Pit Bull Terriers would probably look for owners who are blessed with high spirits and the joy of living . (ONeil, 1995, p. 37) These dogs make excellent family companions and have always been noted for their devoted love of children. Still, pit bulls are not recommended for those who dont have enough (or at least some) experience with dogs wants a dog as a macho status symbol tends to be irresponsible, lax or neglectful is not very familiar with the breed expects to let their dog run around off-leash in public places. (Kovary, 1999) Dogs do well in urban settings but should have enough exercise and other positive outlets for their energy and vitality.They are generally good with children, but a senior dog is recommended for the households with small kids. Pit bulls are loving and very loyal companions for owners, especially if the owners establish their leadership in a humane and consistent way. Pit bulls should always respect and obey the owner. Therefore, we see that American Pit Bull Terrier is a dog with its peculiar history and characteristics, surrounded by many myths and ambig uities. References ONeil, J. The American Pit Bull Terrier An Owners Guideto a Happy Healthy Pet. New York Howell Book House, second ed. , 1995. The Rare Breed Dog Association in the United States of America. American Pit Bull Terrier Official U. K. C.Breed Standard. 21 October 2004. 17 October 2005. PAW. Pet Bull Corner. N/d. 17 October 2005. Keith, C. Triple-Hinged Jaws of Doom And Other Myths About the Pit Bull. 2005. 17 October 2005. DogBreedInfo. com. American Pit Bull Terrier. N/d. 17 October 2005. Kovary, R. The St. Francis Terrier Rediscovering The American Pit Bull Terrier. American Dog Trainers Network. 1999. 17 October 2005.

Great Gatsby Chapter 9 notes

Fitzgerald draws his novel to its conclusion. This chapter on the wholeows him to make his final com custodyt on the corrupt and destructive side of the American Dream. On one level it could be said that Gatsby represents the success story of the American Dream the epitome of the stereotypical ascent from rags to riches. He drives his own great deal and prosperity acquiring great wealth and material possessions but , ultimately, his dream fails anyway.Fitzgerald makes it abundantly clear just how distorted the collective vision of society had go away with regard to the accumulation of wealth and the influence of mass media represented by the eyes of T J Eckleburg. Such materialistic goals had overtaken the more altruistic and innoxious pursuits inherent in the original interpretation of the American Dream.In this chapter the reader senses snicks great sense of despair, disillusionment and disgust. He is appalled by the behaviour he encounters in his preparation for Gatsbys fun eral I found myself on Gatsbys side and alone. After all the parties he had thrown for a countless trail of guests who paraded through his folk Nobody came.The reader has now experienced Nicks journey, his voyage note the sea imagery to which he refers in the final lines of the novel. It is interesting to note just how much(prenominal) Nick has matured as a result of his experiences as he lay in his house and didnt move or breathe or speak, instant upon hour, it grew upon me that I was responsible, because no one else was interested interested, I mean, with that intense personal interest to which everyone has some vague right at the end. So, it is Nick who shoulders the final debt instrument for Gatsby.Nick begins the chapter commenting on the impact of these events remember he is writing from a retrospective stance cardinal old age later After two years I remember the rest of that day, and that night and the next day, provided as an endless drill of police and photographe rs and newspaper men in and out of Gatsbys trend door. These seem to be the only people interested the media. They are not interested in the man Gatsby, but rather the fabrication of the man, the lies and the gossip which go hand in hand with his own self-constructed image. Essentially the media contributes to the corruption of the American Dream.Nick wanted to get somebody for him. He feels loyal and protective towards Gatsby and so begins an avid search to do just this.But he tells us no one arrived except more police and photographers and newspaper men. Perhaps, one bespeak look no further than at the history of the original image fabricators, the dream creators of Hollywood to learn of the pitiful and lonely existences of their more fragile stars. houseclean away the veneer of glamour and wealth and all that really prevails is the very stark and harsh Valley of Ashes.All of this reinforces Nicks loyalty I began to have a feeling of defiance, of scornful solidarity between Ga tsby and me against them all.Nick begins to catalogue the callousness of the people who cannot hide their indifference to Gatsbys death.Wolfsheim declares I cannot come down now as I am tied up in some very important business and cannot get mixed up in this thing now. A absurd euphemism for really saying he cannot be bothered its not that important.Next, there is Klipspringer who claims Well, I certainly try when asked to attend the funeral but may be futile to because of a sort of picnic. However, he does get to the heart of the matter, What I called about was a pair of shoes I left thereNick snarl a certain shame for Gatsby.Fitzgerald now chooses this moment to reveal another(prenominal) aspect of Gatsbys past his estranged father He came out to see me two years ago and bought me the house I live in now. Gatsby has been generous with his money.It is Gatsbys father who reveals the sense of purpose and indeed the dreamer in Gatsby from his diary hop on from bed 6.00 AMDumbbell exercise and wall-scalingHe even had a list of endearing General Resolves which do imbue him with an innocence and a serious-mindedness that enhances the readers opinion of him, sadly after his deathNo more smokeing or chewingRead one improving book or magazine per workweekSave $5.00 (crossed out) $3.00 per weekBe better to parentsThe misspelling of smoking is deliberate by the way.Three people attend the funeral Mr Gatz, Nick and Owl Eyes.Owl eyes is the only party guest who shows up. He is shocked to witness the absence of so many Why, my God They used to go there by the hundreds.It is interesting to note, electric charge in mind the references to blindness that we encounter throughout the novel, that Owl eyes removes his spectacles before declaring the reality and moral truth of Gatsbys situation The poor son- of -a-bitch.The blindness comes from within as can be seen from most of Fitzgeralds characters.Nick comments, I see now that this has been a story of the West, after a ll Tom and Gatsby, Daisy and Jordan and I, were all Westerners, and perhaps we possessed some deficiency in common which made us subtly unadapt suitable to Eastern purport.You will remember from Death of a Salesman that there is a similar East West divide. Biff favours the freedom and happiness in the West whereas Willy relentlessly pursues the capitalist Eastern way of life again exposing the corrupt nature of the American Dream.Nick has matured enough to see through the racy, adventurous ffeel of the East and its enchanted metropolitan twi idle he realises that downstairs all the glamorous, glittering veneer there are spasms of bleak dust which drift endlessly over it just like the fowl dust which floated in the turn on of his (Gatsbys) dreams.The East represents capitalism and consumerism and indeed corruption of American society.The West was presumably still relatively innocent rating homespun values and the happiness of the individual.Nick is able to see this but he is the only character in the novel who does.The East has a quality of distortion.Again, Fitzgerald juxtaposes the recurring adjectives, grotesque and fantastic, once more alluding to the unsufferable dream with realityWest Egg, especially, still figures in my more fantastic dreamsa hundred houses, at once conventional and grotesque, crouching under a sullen, over-hanging convulse and lustreless moon.There is no romantic presentation of this location for Nick the place is given an eerie, dismal atmosphere, where the houses are personified as shrinking away from this depressing, all-consuming locale.notably it is here Nick talks about the anonymous woman in discolor whom I have pointed out beforefour solemn men in dress suits are walking a presbyopic the sidewalk with a stretcher on which lies a drunken woman in a white evening dress. Her hand, which dangles over the side, sparkles cold with jewels. Gravely the men turn in at a house the wrong house. But no one knows the womans name , and no one cares.This is a very sinister dream in which Nick envisions a woman in white this woman could represent Daisy or Jordan or even one of the fe mannish guests at Gatsbys party. It does not really matter, for Fitzgerald she represents the anonymity and lack of substance of the typical 1920s female. She is suppressed by the superiority of her male counterpart who uses her to satisfy and fulfil sexual desire. The fact that the woman is drunk and therefore lacks control reinforces the status of women is such a society which has itself lost visual sense and control of any kind of moral fibre. Her hand sparkles cold with jewels suggesting the empty, shallow pursuit of such material possessions. The fact that the men drop her off at the wrong house and no one cares really captures the essence of something Daisy says earlier in reference to her daughter I hope shell be a realize thats the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool.On first reading this se ems like another very whimsical, even stupid and callous statement from Daisy but it is this very passage about Nicks nightmare that gives her comment weight and meaning and, perhaps, its the most perceptive thing she says in the entire novel.They were careless people, Tom and Daisy they smashed up things and creatures and then retreated back into their money or their vast carelessness, or whatever it was that kept them together, and let other people clean up the mess they had madeThis really contains the essence of Nicks loathing of such people. This triggers the memory of something he says at the beginning of the novel when he is about to relate his story to the reader When I came back from the East last autumn I felt that I wanted to be in uniform and at a sort of moral attention for ever I wanted no more profuse excursions with privileged glimpses into the human heart.We remember him talking about the distinguished secret society to which she and Tom belonged. A society whic h had such a callous ignore for human life this can be seen by their reactions to the deaths of Gatsby and Myrtle both of which are really perpetuated by Tom and Daisy respectively.They disappear drifting off leaving chaos behind undoubtedly to begin a life elsewhere.The drifting which permeates the novel points towards the loss of moral and spiritual stability which must come from the tenderness of the individual.Tom and Daisy can do this because they never really snuff it attached to anything or anyone they are indeed careless and their wealth allows them a certain freedom, an escape from reality. in the end Nick sums up the essence of the original American DreamAnd as the moon rose higher the inessential houses began to melt away until gradually I became aware of the old island here that flowered once for Dutch sailors eyes a fresh, green breast of the new world. Its vanished trees, the trees that had made way for Gatsbys house, had once pandered in whispers to the last a nd greatest of all human dreams for a transitory enchanted moment man must have held his breath in the presence of this continent, compelled into an esthetic contemplation he neither understood nor desired, face to face for the last time in history with something commensurate to his capacity for wonder.This is a brilliant piece of description from Fitzgerald and quite poignantly encapsulates the real essence of the American Dream. Yet, it could not be sustained. The land became manipulated and exploited for human profit. But for the 17th century Dutch sailors it was, in those first moments, the ultimate land of growth, beauty and enchantment fresh, green breast of the new world.It is clear that this is why Nick refers to Gatsby as great I feeling of Gatsbys wonder when he first picked out the green light at the end of Daisys dock.This was what Nick admired his capacity for wonderHe had come a long way to this blue lawn, and his dream must have seemed so close that he could hard ly fail to grasp it. He did not know that it was already behind him, somewhere back in that vast obscurity beyond the city, where the dark fields of the republic rolled on under the night.This is again referring to Gatsbys refusal to moderate that his past could not be relived, or recaptured, just like his tenacious belief in the dream.The image of darkness and the attendant image of blindness is practically used to foreshadow the inevitable failure of Gatsbys dream.Yet Gatsby believed in the green light, the orgiastic future that year by yea recedes before us.The green light here symbolises the dreams and hopes of societyIt eluded us then, but thats no matter tomorrow we will run faster, stretch out our arms fartherAnd one hunky-dory morning -Nick refers here to the dreamer in all of us. He conveys the human need to dream, to be inspired, to be challenged. Yet, he knows its important to be able to draw a line between the dream and reality something Gatsby could never do.So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past.We are all inextricably cerebrate with our pasts the past shapes the future. We know this obviously from history. Gatsby insisted on living in the past his past with Daisy. Daisy could not isolate him from his past he remained socially unworthy of her. target any of us really escape the past. America itself struggled to shake off her more rigid European connections before the declaration of independence.Furthermore, the American Dream has become part of its past a part of American history which no longer exists in the same way as it did then.The dream is impossible and this is what makes Gatsbys engagement so tragic.

Socio

w w w e tr . X m eP e ap UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS ordinary Certificate of Education Advanced Level .c rs om 9699/33 SOCIOLOGY Paper 3 Social Change and Differentiation Additional Materials * 1 3 8 8 3 1 5 7 9 6 * October/November 2011 3 hours Answer Booklet/Paper READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST If you have been given up an Answer Booklet, follow the instructions on the front cover of the Booklet. Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the pass water you go across in. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Answer three questions, each from a different section. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets at the end of each question or part question. This document consists of 4 printed pages. DC (NF) 50220/2 R UCLES 2011 Turn over 2 Opti on A Families and Households Answer each Question 1 or Question 2. 1 (a) (i) (ii) Define the term prolonged family. Identify and briefly recognise 2 characteristics of modified extended families. 3 6 b) Evaluate the visual sense that the extended family is of little importance in modern industrial societies. 16 2 (a) (i) (ii) Define the term patriarchy in relation to the family. 3 Identify and briefly describe two ways in which patriarchy within the family may be expressed. 6 (b) Patriarchal family structures are no longer to be found in modern industrial societies. Evaluate this claim. 16 Option B Education Answer either Question 3 or Question 4. 3 (a) (i) (ii) Define the term ethnic deprivation. 3 Identify and briefly describe two ways in which cultural deprivation pushs on educational achievements. 6 (b) Evaluate the view that class is the most significant factor in determining educational achievements in modern industrial societies. 16 4 (a) (i) (ii) Define the term labe lling. 3 Identify and briefly describe two sociological examples that illustrate the process of labelling in relation to education. 6 (b) Ethnicity has relatively little impact on educational attainment in modern industrial societies. Evaluate this claim. 16 UCLES 2011 9699/33/O/N/11 3 Option C theology Answer either Question 5 or Question 6. 5 (a) (i) (ii) Define the term social control. 3Identify and briefly describe two ways in which religion can act as a means of social control. 6 16 (b) Religion is a force for social change in modern industrial societies. Evaluate this view. 6 (a) (i) (ii) Define the term world affirming sect. Identify and briefly describe two reasons why sects can be short lived. 3 6 (b) Evaluate the view that the growth of new religious movements is evidence that religion continues to play a major role in modern industrial societies. 16 Option D annoyance and Deviance Answer either Question 7 or Question 8. 7 (a) (i) (ii) Define the term self report stud y. 3Identify and briefly describe two advantages in using self report studies to research the level of crime in society. 6 (b) Evaluate the view that criminal behaviour is limited to a a couple of(prenominal) powerless groups in society. 16 8 (a) (i) (ii) Define the term sub-culture. 3 Identify and briefly describe two differences between biological and sociological theories of deflection. 6 16 (b) Evaluate the interactionist view that deviance is subject to negotiation. UCLES 2011 9699/33/O/N/11 Turn over 4 Option E Work and Leisure Answer either Question 9 or Question 10. 9 (a) (i) (ii) Define the term unofficial strike.Identify and briefly describe two reasons why strikes occur. 3 6 16 (b) Evaluate the view that organisations are inevitably undemocratic. 10 (a) (i) (ii) Define the term professionalisation in relation to work. 3 Identify and briefly describe two consequences of the professionalisation of the workforce. 6 (b) Evaluate the view that alienation remains a feature o f work in modern industrial societies. 16 Option F Mass Media Answer either Question 11 or Question 12. 11 (a) (i) (ii) Define the term censorship. 3 Identify and briefly describe two examples of the way in which the mass media influences the political process. 6 (b) Evaluate the view that agenda setting in politics is increasingly shaped by the mass media in modern industrial societies. 16 12 (a) (i) (ii) Define the term content analysis. 3 Identify and briefly describe two difficulties in measuring the influence of the mass media. 6 (b) Evaluate the usefulness of the hypodermic syringe model to our understanding of the role of the mass media. 16 Permission to breed items where third-party owned material protected by procure is included has been sought and cleared where possible.Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. University of Cambridge global Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge. UCLES 2011 9699/33/O/N/11

Business Model and Strategic Plan Essay

Prior to enhancing a product within a large corporation, the caller-up must bind a strategic plan in place to break that the change runs smoothly. The strategy plan leave focus on the companys strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats, and trends in ground of the bran-fresh product, by developing and performing a SWOTT analysis. A SWOTT analysis is an acronym for the internal Strengths and Weaknesses of a firm, and the environmental Opportunities and Threats facing that firm. SWOTT analysis is a technique through which managers ca-ca a quick overview of a companys strategic situation (Pearce & Robinson, 2013).SWOTT AnalysisOpportunity is definitely favorable situation in a companys environment meaning that the company stands to gain from this type of behavior. And the opposite of this is threat. A threat is an action that is not favorable. Strength is an advantage that the firm has against its competitors and the commercialise it is currently serving and expects to serve. Weakness is something that is not beneficial to the company and can hinder the companys success (Pearce & Robinson, 2013).Internal ForcesInternal analysis is define as an analysis of strengths and weaknesses focusing on internal factors that give an organization certain advantages and disadvantages in meeting the needs of its target market (Bal low-spiritede, 2008). Internal factors be important to analyze to better understand how the company aides in its own success or failure. This analysis allows a company to compare historical successes with current procedures to aide in the companys future endeavors.Some internal factors that testament be discussed are strategy, structures, work ates & systems, resources, goals, technologies, and leadership. Mazdas new division will build a strategy that allows for the employees to effectively and efficiently build the new locomotive locomotive locomotive engine with the correct EPA guidelines. Although the new engine type is to a great er extent expensive to build, Mazda has invested coin into this new production line to build the engine and in the long run to be more profitable and environmentally sound. In terms of cost, processes and systems have to be in place to en reliable that the new production line is efficiently ran and that employees are trained properly.This new division will look into enquiry and design from other companies who have effectively built crossbreeding engines to compare ideas and look for innovative creations. The leaders in this division will follow EPA guidelines to ensure that there are no issues when inspections occur. Leadership within this division will set lofty goals that must be reached to attain success in terms of this new engine type. Leadership will continue to follow update technology and make necessary changes. In terms of leadership, organization is a profound factor to ensure all members are sending a consistent message to the employees to avoid any undo mistakes. Cont inuing to build successful process and procedures to share with the employees will only help this division.External FactorsThe definition of external analysis is the examination of opportunities and threats that exist in the environment and both opportunities and threats exist singly of the firm (Ballowe, 2008). External factors that the new division of Mazda will analyze are legal & regulatory, global, economic, technological, innovation, social, environmental, and competitive analysis. A great advantage that this new division has is that socially and environmentally, many individuals are interested in saving the environment as well as saving money economically.Unfortunately, other manufacturers also have mark engines so Mazda will definitely have a good amount of competitors. The more competitors, the less advantage Mazda will have in sales. With the increase in competition, prices will become more competitive meaning that the profit margin will be less. In terms of legal and r egulatory, the EPA has high standards in regards to qualifications for hybridizing engines which means this division of Mazda will have to ensure highquality and results.Supply ChainThis new division has created a new engine that is more environmentally sound and economical than any other car manufacturer at this time. Because Mazda not only wants to ensure low prices on their vehicles, this new engines production line will be very effective and efficient. Mazda understands that the supply chain of this engine has to have very little to no flaws if a profit will be made. Mazda will look to local companies and manufacturers for the parts to create to engine to ensure lowest cost possible to build the engine. Because Mazda has a production center, adding to the center for this engine type was not too costly. Mazda was able to use current employees to move into the production line and leadership team for this new division.Major Issues and OpportunitiesA major issue or opportunity woul d be the ability to maintain excellence and a competitive edge against other companies with hybrid engines. The hybrid model can be costly so Mazda will need to continue to look for ways to keep production costs low so the vehicle purchase price is affordable. The first research question is How can Mazda maintain an affordable selling price with a hybrid engine? The take up way to understand how this can be done is to evaluate the purchasing of the parts for the engine, then ensure effective and efficient processes with the manufacturing site, and determine the best possible selling price.Another issue or opportunity that Mazda faces is keeping up to the high standards of the EPA. Mazda needs to do large amounts of research and make sure the design and building of the engine are on or above standards. The second question is How can Mazda maintain EPA standards on the newly designed engine? Mazda can build a small team of employees who are specifically geared to ensuring that the en gine is always up to standards and the division is aware of any changes from the EPA. finaleIn conclusion, this new division of Mazda will continue to look for ways to improve efficiencies and effectiveness to ensure a great product. This division can strike this by effectively performing a SWOTT analysis andusing the information to build a great product. Gaining knowledge and applying the new knowledge to the current processes will only impact Mazda in a positive manner.ReferencesBallowe, Todd, External Analysis, March 5, 2008, retrieved online fromhttp//onstrategyhq.com/resources/external-analysis/.Ballowe, Todd, Internal Analysis, March 5, 2008, retrieved online fromhttp//onstrategyhq.com/resources/internal-analysis/.Pearce, J. A. II. (2013). Strategic management Planning for domestic and global competition(13th ed.) New York, NY McGraw-Hill.

Black people Essay

THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF RACE/ETHNICITY IN THE FILM GLORY ROAD Race and Ethnicity eat up been socially constructed to pertain to certain qualities and attributes that brook been generalized to the entire race or ethnic group. A few such whirls may include a belief that Asian mickle argon smart yet physically small, Africans are physically blessed while not as mentally empower and that gabardine people are somewhere between the two. It is also socially constructed that Muslims are angrier people and that Hindus are strictly cultural.These attributes based on ethnicity and race come been falsely constructed by the connection due to roles adopted or forced upon by these various social groups based on historic events. I have chosen to depict the race and ethnic expression in a 20th century American society through the film corona Road. Glory Road is a movie based on a true story that revolves around the difficulties and hardships faced by the basketball team of the Texas Wes tern University. The movie shows how the team was a victim of an extremely harsh form of racism.It follows the story of a coach named Don Haskins who is responsible for recruiting a team of African-American players in addition to the existing white players to play for the University team. In this movie, it has been clearly shown that African-American students, or negro students as they are referred to in the movie are looked blue upon by the society consisting of a majority of white people. The white people believe themselves to be superior to the blackamoors and thereby treat them with extreme hostility.This was a continuance of the racial inequality that stemmed from the system of slavery in America. As the team of negro players let downs to gain popularity, the dissent in the dominantly white society escalates rapidly. distant crowds receive the team as they travel across the country playing basketball. These crowds throw things at them, vandalize their motel rooms with bloo d smeared walls and even go to the consummation of brutally hurting one of the negros when he goes to a restroom.It can be understood, that the negro player has been socially constructed to be inferior simply due to their ethnicity. They are believed to be less intelligent and are even compared to monkeys by a rival coach in the movie. However, due to the recent success of this dominantly black team, the whites begin to feel inferior to them and thereby retaliate physically through violence. The plot of the movie is created due to a break in the conventional social construction that the basketball team of a University is comprised of white students.White students who were trained by a white coach and studied in a University filled with white students. This was the norm that was being challenged by the coach Don Haskins who simply wanted to give these negro students an opportunity to receive an teaching method. Racial inequality in the education system is depicted in the movie thro ugh scenes that emphasize a majority of college students being white and the surprise on their faces when they see a black student in their school.Forms of personal racism are also shown in the movie such as stereotypes, prejudice and discrimination. Members of the board for Texas Western even exhibited peace of mind racism. They did not outwardly show their discontent for coach Haskins movement but they did feel uneasy about it. However, their uneasy feelings began to change when they heard of the teams success, which leads us to believe that they were racist only for as long a time period as there was no direct benefit to them as individuals.The competing social construction would be one in which there was no differentiation based on the race/ethnicity of the players belonging to the team. It would be a construction where the blacks were not suppressed and thought to be inferior to whites. I believe that an example of a competing social construction would probably be the construc tion of our society today, where students are not discriminated based on their ethnicity but are encouraged to participate and selected based on their individual skills and talents.The potrayals in the movie directly map to the norms of our present day where people believe African Americans to be more athletically inclined but less intelligent than white people. This norm is harmful and skillful to both parties. It means that a black person is more like to be hired for an athletic position but less likely for a working job and the exact opposite for a white person. Studies in the present day have indicated that a black person is only 33% as likely as a white person to get a job even if they both apply with identical credentials.It has been shown that the unemployment of black people is twice as high as that of white people (Newman, 166). The times are rapidly changing. Movies such as glory road bring to firing the inhumanity that has been dominant in societies of the past that le ad to discomfort and a hostile environment. People are more aware of things such as an abolishment of discrimination and a promotion of equality as they aim towards times of peace. History was do in 2008, when a man of black origin was made President of the same country in which blacks were hated just a few decades ago.The name of this man was President Barack Obama. It represented a transition to a time with more equality and less racial discrimination. These are direct results of the efforts of movies such as glory road and also the efforts of various activists through the generations. all the same though race and ethnicity were socially constructed, the norms are beginning to change in our modern world where every person is given an equal opportunity to chance on the goals they dream of.

Indication of a schools capabilities Essay

The current eras education is known to be defined by pupils themselves, including their academic success, the regard as of educators and instructional quality in America, learning standards adopted by each individual state, anxiety, the role played by parents outside of a school setting, and a lot more. Most Americans count that students standardized test scores are the only legitimate indicator of a schools efficiency. Since 1965, when the join States Elementary and Secondary Education Act became a law, standardized exam has been used to evaluate American public schools.The ultimate goal of standardized testing is to examine how well teachers are preparing students and to improve student achievement. Some people would argue that standardized testing accomplishes the goal of examining educators, allowing them to better their skills for the future, while opposites would argue that the psyche of standardized testing damages the educational system altogether. The leading debate that concerns most, but is brushed off by many, is whether the success of standardized testing should be used to indicate a students, teacher, and/or schools capabilities.The key objective of the American educational system is for every student to down from proud school, college and career ready. In 1959, when Everet Lindquist launched the _American College Test_ (ACT), it was designed as a test of students general educational development and could be used with other criteria to predict student success at the college level.After the launching of this well-known assessment, testing was being ready in use in many educational settings. In 1954, as a part of President Lyndon B. Johnsons, _WAR ON POVERTY_ , the _Elementary and Secondary Education Act__(ESEA)_ was introduced. This act was reauthorized in 2001, which is now known as _No Child Left Behind_ _(NCLB)_ . This reauthorized act requires states to develop assessments in basic skills. States must give assessments to all student s at select grade levels in order to befool federal school funding.Race to the Top was introduced by President Barack Obama in 2012, which is a school district competition across the United States. This initiative was govern forth to raise standards, with the goal of college and career readiness. In addition, Race to the Top has lead states to develop rigorous standards and better assessments, support teachers and school leaders to mystify more effective, and provide intervention for low makeing schools. (Whitehouse.gov) Now that Race to the Top has become worldwide, it has become a controversial topic.Civil Rights organizations hurl argued that federal funding should be based on need, non competition. As a result of the Race, teachers will be evaluated in relation to their students test scores. In a Huffington Post, updated in 2011, research professor and author Diane Ravitch stated that it will make the current standardized test of basic skills more important than ever, and until now more time and resources will be devoted to raising scores on these tests. The new era of Race to the Top will cause the splendor of standardized testing to increase, and the demand for privately managed charter schools to increase.In June of 2010, North Carolina adopted the Common Core State Standards in K-12 Mathematics and K-12 English verbiage Arts. Beginning in 2012-13, the course of study was implemented in public schools across the state. In conjunction with these standards, common exams were put into effect. Common exams or Measures of student learning refers to new assessments being developed to measure teacher effectiveness.A teachers effectiveness can reflect on how well a student performs on his or her exams. Since teachers are not told what is on exams or standardized tests such as this, they must prepare their students based on the standards put forth by the state and assume it will be the same(p) material when testing. A common exam is disposed(p) in clas ses where students are not given an end of grade or end of course tests and is created by local educators and the North CarolinaDepartment of Public Instruction to lay down the impact of teacher performance on student learning.The success of these standardized tests provides students with feedback on their knowledge and skills (Astro.Temple.edu). On the other hand, it motivates teachers to identify their areas of strength and weakness in teaching plans so that they can reconstruct them (Astro.Temple.edu). This forms a relationship between teacher performance and student learning.On the other hand, many parents, students, as well as educators believe that standardized testing isnt a great indication on a students knowledge. Standardized testing evaluates a students performance in one day, excluding any external factors. Many teachers are known to teach to the test which can hinder a students overall learning potential (Office of Work/Life Columbia University). There are many student s who are smart and understand the content, but it doesnt show on the test. Many students develop test anxiety which hinders performance (Office of Work/Life Columbia University).For federal funding, schools depend on their students to perform well. Competition among schools can sometimes take place (Office of Work/Life Columbia University). This could be a hard factor to overcome, when schools consume exceptional and finical education students. Special education include individual or small group instruction, curriculum or teaching modifications, assistive technology, transition services and other excessized services such as physical, occupational, and speech therapy (CHADD National Resource Center on ADHD). Students that are considered exceptional are required to take the same standardized test as student without learning restrictions, so how exactly is someone at a lower level given such high standards?The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, enacted in 1990 and reautho rized in 1997 and 2004, was designed to ensure services to electric shaverren with disabilities throughout the nation (idea.ed.gov US Department of Education). This was designed to ensure that all student, ages 3-21, receive charm education regardless of any disability. In addition to this, thedisability they are diagnosed with must affect his or her educational performance and must need special education in order to receive an appropriate education (CHADD National Resource Center on ADHD). Many children in exceptional childrens programs have physical, mental, or social disabilities. In North Carolina, these academically gifted children are classified as EC, because they have different educational needs than the average child (Exceptional Children UNC School of Education).Since No Child Left Behind was passed, students with disabilities must be included in state testing and assessed against the same standard of proficiency as other students to determine whether schools are making the required adequate yearly progress towards goals for academic proficiency. The regular assessment is given to students with special needs, and they are given appropriate accommodations. Appropriate accommodations include extra time to take the test, larger print, a quiet room, Braille, having the instructions repeated periodically, or more breaks than normally allowed (Boehner 10).In addition to the special benefits granted, an Individualized Education Program, (IEP), is designed for each child with a disability. Students under this program have a customized learning plan on how they will be evaluated and not whether they will be evaluated. Results from the National Assessment of Educational Progress, also known as a Nations tarradiddle Card, standardized test, which is used and measured the same in all states, provide useful information on the achievement and progress of students with disabilities. The results from the Nations cross Card show progress, as well as gaps, between students with disabilities and nondisabled students (Aron and Loprest 112-113).

Pttls

1. 1 say secern aspects of order, regulatory requirements and codes of pr deportice relating to own role and responsibilities I ladder for Dorset County Council (DCC) as an Area Youth Worker, where I run a Youth Centre in North Dorset. The centre provides a variety of furnish and projects within the local community. As part of DCC we argon goerned by various legislations, regulatory requirements and codes of practice. This could relate in a variety of situations such as the buildings or staff we manage, on the job(p) with teen flock in assemblys or l mavin working or horizontal with the activities and provisions we provide.These guidelines and requirements ar ordinate in grade to supporter protect not full those that we work with just now in any case my staff, visitors and myself. It is consequential to switch a true(p) working understanding of these factors as the below legislation is there to help promote inclusion within the work military position and for tho se that we teach and work with. I pull up stakes endeavour to go over the disclose legislation that affects my work place below. The Children Act 1989 The current child protection system is establish on the Children Act 1989, which was introduced in an effort to reform and clarify the existing plethora of laws affecting children.Hailed at the time as the most comprehensive and re belongd-reaching reform of child law which has come before fan tan in living memory by the then Lord Chancellor Lord Mackay of Clashfern, it enshrined a enumerate of principles. The paramountcy principle means that a childs welf ar is paramount when making each decisions around a childs upbringing. The Children Act 1989 sets out in detail what local authorities and the courts should do to protect the welfare of children. It charges local authorities with the duty to investigate f they lay down reasonable compositors case to suspect that a child who lives, or is tack, in their area is suffering, or is presumable to suffer, signifi posteriort hurt (section 47). Local authorities are also charged with a duty to provide services for children in need, their families and others (section 17). It is section 31 of the Children Act 1989 that sets out the NSPCCs authorised person status which means the NSPCC has the designer to apply directly for a court nightspot if it believes a child is suffering or likely to suffer signifi basint harm.The Special Educational Needs and Disability Act 2001 This makes it unlawful to discriminate against stack in respect of their disabilities in relation to employment, the provision of goods and services, education and transport. It also imposes upon public authorities a positive duty to promote disability compare. This will ensure the inclusion of disabled students within wholly group activities, and also to ensure that their disabilities are richy considered when schemening such activities.They must receive full and equal access to educati on and all associated activities and resources. The Human Rights Act 1998 (also known as the Act or the HRA) came into force in the United Kingdom in October 2000. It is composed of a series of sections that have the burden of codifying the protections in the European Convention on Human Rights into UK law. All public bodies (such as courts, police, local governments, hospitals, publicly funded schools, and others) and other bodies carrying out public functions have to comply with the Convention rights.This means, among other things, that various(prenominal)s can take humanity rights cases in domestic courts they no longer have to go to Strasbourg to argue their case in the European Court of Human Rights. The comparison Act 2010 simplifies the old? laws and puts them all together in one ready of legislation. Also, it makes the law stronger in some areas. So depending on your circumstances, the new Act may protect you more. The comparability Act 2010 protects you from things like racial or religious discrimination, harassment, sexual orientation, gender discrimination or if you have a disability.The Health & Safety at Work Act (1974) Every individual must be mindful of the spare-time activity responsibilities. They must take reasonable care for the health and safety of him/her and of other persons who may be affected by his/her acts or omissions at work. They must Co-operate with employers or other persons so far as is necessary to alter them to perform their duties or requirements under the Act. They must not intentionally or recklessly interfere with or misuse anything provided in the interests of health, safety or welfare.It is clearly vitally important for a teacher/tutor to be vigilant and mindful of health and safety issues. Some hazards and the issues which milieu them will be constant to all milieus. Examples include tripping hazards (laptop cables, bags), and fire safety hazards. Other hazards are going to be very much dependant on the ty pe of environment in which educational activity is taking place and the chooseer group with which the tutor is working. The Education & Skills Act (2008) was introduced and aimed to increase participation in acquire for materialization people and adults.It puts in place a right for adults to basic and intermediate skills, handsome adults a second chance to gain the skills they need to thrive in society and throughout their working lives. As a worker we deal with a number of details regarding the modern people and families we work with DCC have use the below guidelines with regards to data protection. The Data Protection Act 1998 (amended 2003). This act covers the protection of ain data.The most important elements to be witting of are the following data protection principles outlined in the act Data may only be used for the specific usages for which it was collected. Data must not be disclosed to other parties without the consent of the individual whom it is about, unless there is legislation or other prevalent legitimate reason to pct the information. Individuals have a right of access to the information held about them, field of operation to certain exceptions (for warning, information held for the pr level(p)tion or detection of crime).Personal information may be kept for no longer than is necessary and must be kept up to date. Personal information may not be sent outside the European Economic Area unless the individual whom it is about has consented or decent protection is in place. The departments of an organisation that is holding personalized information are required to have decorous security measures in place. Those include technical measures (such as firewalls) and organisational measures (such as staff training). Subjects have the right to have factually incorrect information corrected. . 2 rationalize own responsibilities for promoting equality and valuing diversity As a Youth Worker a core value of our work is not only dealing wit h promoting equality and diversity but also statement others how to understand and work alongside those with differing opinions and value. These values are at the core of the work undertaken within spring chicken work and underpin the standards recognising that at the heart of all youth work is a young person led approach. The National Youth Agency describes the key purpose of youth work is to Enable young people to develop holistically, working with them to facilitate their personal, amicable and educational development, to enable them to develop their voice, influence and place in society and to reach their full potential The following statements, views and vaules are underpinned by the principles of equity, diversity and interdependence, Participation and active involvement Young people choose to be involved, not least because they want to relax, learn friends, make new relationships, to have fun, and to find support.The work resumes from where young people are in relation t o their own values, views and principles, as well as their own personal and social space, It seeks to go beyond where young people start, to widen their horizons, promote participation and invite social commitment, in particular by encouraging them to be critical and creative in their responses to their sire and the solid ground around them, ? Equity, diversity and inclusion Youth workers teach and treat young people with respect, valuing each individual and their differences, and promoting the acceptance and understanding of others, whilst challenging oppressive behavior and ideas.We promote as well as learn to respect values individual differences by supporting and strengthening young peoples spirit in themselves, and their capacity to grow and to change through a supportive group environment. Partnership with young people and others Youth workers actively respond to the wider networks of peers, communities, families and cultures which are important to young people, and throug h these networks seek to help young people to achieve stronger relationships and collective identities, through the promotion of inclusivity.We work in partnership with young people and signposting to other agencies which contribute to young peoples social, educational and personal development. In spring up we are able to recognise the young person as a partner in a learning process, complementing formal education through informal education driveing to, promoting access to learning opportunities, which enable them to fulfil their potential, ? Personal, social and political development How young people feel, and not just with what they know and can do, It is through facilitating and empowering the voice of young people, encouraging and? nabling them to influence the environment in which they live. We help promote and lead on safeguarding issues of young people, and provide them with a safe environment in which to ? explore their values, beliefs, ideas and issues. 1. 3 Explain own r ole and responsibilities in lifelong learning My key role in the LLS will be to help promote youth work and deliver items such as 1st aid training. I will help to provide a set of skills, knowledge, understanding and behaviours necessary for any function that a youth work role is likely to perform.This is also underpinned by a set of agreed values and a key purpose in learning. I would hope to promote good practice for my learners so that they would have transferable skills and the confidence to sell themselves positively to employers, education establishments and their peers, setting a benchmark for the get and competence that is required for them to grow as an individual. 1. 4 Explain own role and responsibilities in identifying and impact the needs of learners How? As a trainer in the LLS we have a key responsibility in educating others.It takes more than just a well typed up lesson plan with all the fancy thrilly bits and bobs. In order to educate others we need to go through several steps as educators ourselves. I have been on courses where the tutor talks the talk but then doesnt follow up or put into practice what they are teaching. They are fixed by timings, curriculums and other pressures faced when teaching and forget the fundamentals of teaching. By apply the above Training Needs Analysis (TNA) as an example of process, it clearly helps us as trainers to identify areas of need and training delivery needed for pupils to succeed.Stage 1 this coiffure allows us to gather the information needed on each learner and class sizes. It also allows us to look into appropriate venues and training aids. It would also allow us to signpost to other agencies if you could not comely their needs. Stage 2 This is for me where the fun begins. As a trainer using stage 1 Im able to explore and think of new and different techniques and delivery entitles, to mix and match activities that I havent tried before using the information to hand. This not only revives me as a trainer but I would hope this would also promote a practical learning environment.Other key areas to consider would be resources need, H&S issues and timings Stage 3 My preferred way of training style is EDIP Explanation, Demo, Imitate and Practice. I find this helps promote learning and evolves repetition. I believe repletion is the key to acquire students to understand what the aims and objectives are We must also make sure that is inclusive to all, that best engages students, ensuring that ground rules are established and maintained that helps to provide a safe, friendly teaching environment that inspires and motivates students to learn and take part.By using ice breakers enables a safe learning enviroment and back up plans/lessons, as each group will be different. Stage 4 This is the area that keeps me up all night. Its not the idea of evaluating, as it is key to get the views and opinions of others peers and students. Its the reflective work I undertake, even when Im go from delivering a great seance. When using evaluating tools (and theres 100s out there) in my experience its only a small majority that give you the information needed to improve. Most will tick boxes quickly at the end and put N/A or great posing or even no lunch provided in boxes for comments.The best form of evaluation is to try and pass away some time at the end or during the course to meet your students and hear what they have to say, this could even happen during a session where you will go off topic or away from your thrilly lesson plan as it meets the current learning needs of the group, but being mindful not to stray to far. The verbal expression work is key to progression as it allows you to work on improvements, you can also help students with modernized areas or even pat yourself on the back once in a while. 2. Explain the boundaries betwixt the teaching role and other professional roles Working alongside other agencies or governing bodies can create professio nal barriers. In my opinion governing bodies are there to help maintain good standards within your profession as well as promote good quality assurance. Its when changes are made/forced upon workers and learners where professional barriers become indistinct. Making sure communication is clear between others is key. another(prenominal) factor which some professionals are unwilling to admit, is the fear of change. Change can be good if managed well.Unfortunately even if the change is managed well if the workers involved are not inclined to accept this, boundaries and relationships can be fragile. 2. 2 Describe points of referral to meet the needs of learners Within our organisation there are various referral points for learners or people that access our centres. These referral points are a valuable part of what we offer as a service to users of the centre. I would also offer extra help and support to those that I work with by outlining at the start and the end that there is additional support and help to suit your needs.We would try and be as tractile as possible and help with further progression if learners would need it. Likewise some learners are unable to see their potential and I would encourage further learning if I deemed this necessary and appropriate. 2. 3 Summarise own responsibilities in relation to other professionals When working within other professional work places, I work to a very professional standard keeping all parties aware of what it happening. I act in a way that I would expect other workers to conduct themselves if they came to my work place.I would strive to meet all needs required by other professional such as contracts or learning agreements made. Having the title professional doesnt mean I or others arent infallible. We all make mistakes, its how we as professionals deal with those mistakes and what learning can be taken from any mistakes made. Likewise it is important to share successes with other professionals. 3. 1 Explain own re sponsibilities in maintaining a safe and supportive learning environment As a trainer you are responsible for a number of key areas as mentioned in from 1. through to this section. Without a safe and supportive environment learning can not take place effectively. To give you an example of this Maslow introduced a Hierarchy of Needs (Below) in 1954 after rejecting the idea that human behaviour was determined by childhood events. He felt that there are five needs which see different levels of motivation which must be met and he also believed that people should be able to move through these needs to the next level provided they are given an education that will promote growth.Self-actualization morality, creativity, trouble solving, etc. Esteem includes confidence, self-esteem, achievement, respect, etc. Belongingness includes love, friendship, intimacy, family, etc. Safety includes security of environment, employment, resources, health, property, etc. Physiological includes air , food, water, sex, sleep, other factors towards homeostasis, etc. 3. 2 Explain ways to promote appropriate behaviour and respect for others This is an important part of any work that I undertake with students of all ages.Im sure that at every training session you go to there will be the ground rules flip map. Now although ground rules are important, this exercise cannot just promote a healthy and safe learning environment, it can act as an ice breaker too. But how many times has the ground rules sheet been referred to again. With adults very rarely as we should all be aware of the boundaries needed with a group situation. With young learners you may need to refer to the ground rules chart on more than one occasion.But with a whole list that the learners came up with at the start of a daunting first session, will they remember what was said? A process that I have found to be highly successful is after the learners have come up with their long list of dos and donts is to summarize th is process with an easy process that is not only practical but effective as well. HARmony For people to get along with one another is just one definition If you take the 1st three letters of harmony you have Honesty if your honest with yourself and othersAwareness If you aware of your feeling or what you say and aware of other thoughts, opinions and beliefs Responsibility take responsibility for yourself and others Just these 3 key words can summarize any ground rules and allow you as a trainer to refer to these key words within any positive or negative situation and also allows others to get on with one another. References NSPCA http//www. nspcc. org. uk/Inform/research/questions/child_protection_legislation_in_the_uk_pdf_wdf48953. pdf The Data Protection Act 1998 (amended 2003) http//www. legislation. gov. k The Equality Act 2010 http//www. homeoffice. gov. uk/equalities/equality-act/ Special Educational Needs and Disability Act 2001 http//www. ukcle. ac. uk/resources/dire ctions/previous/issue4/senda/ Education & Skills Act (2008) http//www. legislation. gov. uk meshing Equality (Sexual Orientation) Regulations 2003 http//www. legislation. gov. uk The Gender Recognition Act 2004 http//www. legislation. gov. uk Health & Safety at Work Act (1974) http//www. hse. gov. uk/legislation/hswa/ National Youth Agency http//www. learning-theories. com/maslows-hierarchy-of-needs. html